COP31 opens in Antalya with world leaders gathered for two weeks of negotiations as El Niño and climate change push temperatures to record levels, with scientists forecasting 2026 will be the hottest year on record and Berkeley Earth 95% confident it will surpass 2024's mark. The summit's focus broadens beyond cutting emissions to adapting to extremes, with wealthier nations far short of an $85bn adaptation pledge, past talks struggling on phasing out fossil fuels, and Turkey pushing a new electrification goal while governments also weigh AI's growing energy demands.